عاشق تركيا
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At a glance:After the temporary 25% ceiling on residential rent increases expired on 1 July 2024,
the general rule applying in 2025 again linked annual increases to the change in the consumer price index (CPI) calculated using twelve-month averages.
This framework covers residential and roofed business premises under the Turkish Code of Obligations; contractual details and the rules for judicial rent determination still matter.
Background: what happened before 2025?
- For residential tenancies renewed between 11 June 2022 and 1 July 2024, the temporary ceiling was 25%; where the relevant twelve-month CPI change was lower, that lower rate applied. The first law was adopted on 8 June 2022 but took effect on 11 June.
- The measure aimed to protect tenants against sharp rent increases during a period of high inflation.
- Once this temporary period ended, the general rent-increase provisions in the Code of Obligations applied again.
The general rent-increase rule in 2025
The main benchmark:- For annual renewals of residential and roofed business tenancies, the agreed increase cannot exceed the twelve-month average CPI change published by the Turkish Statistical Institute, TÜİK, subject to the separate judicial rules discussed below.
A worked example:- If the applicable twelve-month average CPI change were 41.13%, that rate would be the ceiling used in this illustrative calculation. Check the official release and renewal date for an actual tenancy; this example is not presented as a newly verified historical CPI release.
- For a monthly rent of TRY 10,000, the illustrative maximum new rent would therefore be:
10,000 × 1.4113 = TRY 14,113.
Can a landlord agree a higher percentage with the tenant?- An annual renewal agreement exceeding the applicable statutory ceiling conflicts with the mandatory rent rules, even if the tenant signs it.
- An agreement to pay more does not, by itself, make the increase lawful. Judicial rent determination after the relevant five-year period is a separate mechanism.
Tenants’ and landlords’ rights
For tenants:- You may ask for the applicable lawful increase to be respected.
- Check the official twelve-month CPI figure on TÜİK’s website, or use a reliable calculation explained by a tenancy lawyer.
- If a landlord unilaterally demands a higher increase, possible steps include:
- Declining to sign a replacement agreement on those terms.
- Consulting a lawyer specialising in tenancy law.
- Seeking judicial determination of the rent where legally appropriate, following any required preliminary procedure, including mediation.
For landlords:- You may apply the increase permitted by the contract and the statutory ceiling.
- If the rent is substantially below comparable market rents, a court application may be relevant once the statutory conditions are met, particularly for tenancies exceeding five years or renewed after five years:
- A court can determine rent by considering the CPI benchmark, the condition of the property, comparable rents and fairness.
- This requires legal assessment and the proper procedure; it is not a unilateral entitlement to impose a market rent.
Common questions about rent increases in 2025
Do residential and commercial tenancies follow different rules?
The general 2025 annual renewal ceiling uses the twelve-month average CPI change for homes and roofed business premises.
Technical details vary with the agreement; this should not be extended automatically to every type of commercial land or lease.- What if an agreement specifies an increase in dollars or euros?
Foreign-currency agreements involve additional legal restrictions and specific judicial rules.
Obtain advice on the particular agreement rather than applying the lira example automatically. - Could the system change again?
Legislation can change: the government previously introduced a temporary 25% ceiling during exceptional inflation.
For the 2025 framework described here, the general benchmark was the twelve-month average CPI change; check the rules applicable to your actual renewal date.
Practical advice for residents in Türkiye
Record your tenancy renewal date and set a reminder two months beforehand.- Follow official TÜİK inflation releases and reliable legal explanations.
Keep your tenancy agreement, payment receipts and correspondence with the landlord.- If proposed terms appear unfair or unlawful, consult a qualified lawyer or legal adviser before signing a new document.
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