Online Fraud in Türkiye: Evidence, Reporting and Follow-up

المسافر

المسافر

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1️⃣ 🛡️ Online fraud: securing the account and preparing the report​

If you have paid a suspicious account, entered information on a fraudulent page or been threatened through an app or social-media account, start by securing access, preserving evidence and contacting the appropriate authority. This guide helps organise digital facts for police or prosecutors. It does not assume that every purchase dispute is a crime or that reporting guarantees recovery of money.

You need not wait until the perpetrator’s full identity is known. A telephone number, account, advertisement link, IBAN or transfer receipt may assist an investigation. Explain accurately what you know and what remains unknown. A name appearing in a message or a document that could be forged is not proof of identity.

2️⃣ 🚨 The first step depends on what happened​

SituationImmediate actionNext step
Suspicious transfer, card use or banking accessContact the bank through a known official channel and request account protectionKeep the bank case number and transaction receipts
Compromised account or emailSecure access from a trusted device and retain login alertsUse the platform’s recovery procedure without deleting evidence
Threat or immediate danger112 when emergency intervention is neededPolice, gendarmerie or prosecutor
Fraudulent advertisement or online blackmailPreserve the link, conversation and details before they disappearSubmit the facts and supporting records to the investigating authority

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Preparing a passport for travel​

3️⃣ 🔐 Securing access without destroying evidence​

Do not open further links from the suspicious party or share SMS codes, passwords or transaction approvals. Open the familiar official app or website yourself. A caller’s name, photograph or displayed number does not prove that they work for a bank or public authority.

If unauthorised access is suspected, contact the bank or platform through a trusted channel and request appropriate protective action. Retain change notifications, alerts and their timestamps. If an investigation has begun or the device is requested for examination, do not erase its contents or reset it without understanding the authority’s procedure.

Early contact with the bank may allow an available protective step, but does not guarantee that funds will be frozen or returned. The outcome depends on the transaction, timing, location of the funds and applicable rules. Keep the reference number and written response rather than relying on a verbal promise.

4️⃣ 📂 Organising digital evidence​

Evidence typeWhat to retainWhat to avoid
ConversationOriginal files, sequence, dates and related attachmentsCropping messages in a way that alters context
Advertisement or accountComplete link, username and dateA picture whose source cannot be identified
PaymentReceipt, reference, amount and IBAN where shownAltering the receipt or hiding a relevant part
Alerts and devicesLogin notifications and available device detailsDeleting records or handing over originals without documentation
Keep a separate backup of material you lawfully possess. Do not access the perpetrator’s account, buy leaked information or attempt a trap that could expose you to an offence. The judicial authority assesses admissibility and evidential weight; a screenshot does not conclusively establish every fact.

5️⃣ 📝 Presenting the facts to police or prosecutors​

A report can be made to the competent police or gendarmerie, or to the public prosecutor, in writing or orally for an official record. Use the appropriate emergency channel for ongoing danger. A CİMER message or public social-media post is not a substitute for a criminal report.

  1. Identify yourself and provide reliable contact details.
  2. Explain how the incident began: advertisement, call or initial message.
  3. Set out dates, times and payments in sequence.
  4. Identify the accounts, links and numbers used without asserting an unproven identity.
  5. Explain what you supplied or paid, what you were told and when you discovered the problem.
  6. Provide a numbered attachment list and identify evidence you ask investigators to obtain, such as bank records, platform information or a specific camera recording.
  7. Describe steps taken with the bank or platform, including references and available responses.

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Organising documents and an online application​

6️⃣ 🗣️ Interpreting the statement and keeping the investigation reference​

If you do not understand sufficient Turkish, request an interpreter and review the statement before signing. Check names, amounts, account numbers and dates. Ask for wording that does not reflect your account to be corrected. Do not sign blank documents or a waiver whose effects you do not understand.

Ask for the report’s registration details. After referral to the prosecutor, retain the Soruşturma No investigation number when available so further evidence reaches the right file. Follow the authority’s procedure when handing over a phone or original document, and request a record of what was received.

7️⃣ ⚖️ Investigation and financial recovery require separate assessment​

Criminal investigation and a financial claim are not necessarily the same procedure. Recovery or compensation may require a banking, consumer, civil-court or enforcement route depending on the facts. Establish the procedure, authority and deadline. A criminal report alone does not recover the payment or suspend every time limit.

If a no-prosecution decision, KYOK, is issued, immediately review its grounds, service date and challenge route. Do not assume a new report or administrative message protects the deadline for challenging the earlier decision. Avoid intermediaries promising to recover money or close an investigation through personal connections.

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Seeking assistance with an application​

8️⃣ ✅ A short follow-up checklist​

  • Access is secured and the bank or platform was contacted through a trusted channel.
  • Original evidence, an ordered chronology and a separate backup are retained.
  • Bank and criminal-report references and correspondence are saved.
  • The statement is understood, any original handed over is documented, and further evidence is linked to the correct file.
  • Each decision or financial claim is assessed under its own procedure and period.

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